The Only Treaty Signed in English. Remembering Waikato and Te Tiriti o Waitangi

Maaori village at Waikato Heads. Reference: HCL_00544

As Waitangi Day approaches, it’s time to reflect on the Treaty of Waitangi and its lasting place in Aotearoa’s story.
While commemorated on 6 February, only around 40 Maaori chiefs were part of this initial signing. Following Waitangi, the treaty was circulated around the country where missionaries, traders, and officials explained the terms during meetings, which stretched as far as Ruapuke Island in Foveaux Strait.

For safe keeping the Treaty was copied to ensure it was not lost. Of the nine treaty sheets sent around the country, the Waikato-Manukau one was the only one written in English. Robert Maunsell, whose mission station was near the mouth of the Waikato River, received the copy of the Treaty in either late March or early April. At the gathering, which was held to discuss and sign the treaty, around 1500 Maaori attended, and 32 chiefs signed.
Maunsell explained to those present that the word “sovereignty” implied that they, the Rangatira (chiefs), would keep their rights over their lands while the English Crown would gain the power to make laws.

Today, the Treaty of Waitangi continues to shape our nation’s story. It remains a living document that guides relationships between the Crown and Iwi and encourages ongoing reflection on how the promises made in 1840 are honoured in Aotearoa today.
You can explore more about the Treaty of Waitangi, its signatories, and the Waikato-Manukau signing through resources at Hamilton City Libraries, including books, archives, and online materials.